Low-cost optical sensing for healthcare

09 - 10 November 2026 09:00 - 17:00 The Royal Society Free Watch online
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Royal Society building on Carlton House Terrace

Discussion meeting organised by Professor Jeremy J Baumberg FRS and Professor Duncan Graham

The increasing emergence of novel optical sensors which operate at the nanoscale opens tantalising opportunities for low-cost paradigms in data-rich sensing that can impact Healthcare. Here we focus on continuous biochemical information (‘BioSensors 2.0’) which go far beyond currently physiological wearable or diagnostic sensors to probe information on health across a variety of settings, and ask which modalities can succeed.

Programme

The programme, including speaker biographies and abstracts, is available below. Please note that the programme may be subject to change.

Poster session

There will be a poster session on Monday 9 November 2026. If you would like to present a poster, please submit your proposed title, abstract (up to 200 words), author list, and the name of the proposed presenter and institution no later than Friday 9 October 2026. Acceptances may be made on a rolling basis so we recommend submitting as soon as possible in case the session becomes full. Submissions made within one month of the meeting may not be included in the programme booklet.

Attending the event

This event is intended for researchers in relevant fields.

  • Free to attend
  • Both virtual and in-person attendance is available. Advance registration is essential
  • Lunch is available on both days of the meeting for an optional £25 per day. There are plenty of places to eat nearby if you would prefer to purchase food offsite. Participants are welcome to bring their own lunch to the meeting

Please note that scientific meetings hosted by the Royal Society do not necessarily represent a Royal Society position or signify an endorsement of the speakers or content presented.

Enquiries: contact the Scientific Programmes team

Organisers

  • Jeremy Baumberg

    Professor Jeremy Baumberg FRS

    Professor Jeremy J Baumberg FRSC FRS is the Harald Aspden Professor of Fundamental Physics at the University of Cambridge, directing a key UK NanoPhotonics Centre. He develops optical materials structured on the nanoscale, with strong experience at Hitachi, IBM, and his spin-offs combining academic insight with translation. He is a leading innovator in Nano (h-120), leading to awards including the IoP Faraday gold Medal (2017) and Royal Society Rumford Medal (2014). He is currently chair of the UK EPSRC Council. His recent popular science book “The Secret Life of Science: How Science Really Works and Why it Matters” focusses on research culture. (https:\\np.phy.cam.ac.uk).

  • Duncan Graham

    Professor Duncan Graham

    Duncan Graham is Distinguished Professor, Associate Principal and Executive Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. Appointed lecturer in 2002, he was promoted to Professor in 2004 and elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2007. His awards include the RSC Corday Morgan Prize, Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award, Coblentz Society Craver Award, Society for Applied Spectroscopy Fellows Award, RSC Theophilus Redwood Award, FACSS Charles Mann Award, the 2025 RSC Interdisciplinary Prize and Honorary Lifetime Membership of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. He served for seven years as Editor in Chief of Analyst and is now Editor in Chief of Chemical Society Reviews. From 2017 to 2020 he was President of the RSC Analytical Division and Chair of the Analytical Chemistry Trust Fund; from 2020 to 2024 he chaired the RSC Publishing Board and served as an RSC Trustee. He has published over 300 papers, holds 17 patents, and has supervised more than 70 PhD students and 40 postdoctoral researchers. His research develops nanoparticle and spectroscopy based diagnostic assays for DNA, RNA, proteins and small molecule biomarkers.

Schedule

Chair

Jeremy Baumberg

Professor Jeremy Baumberg FRS

University of Cambridge, UK

09:00-09:05 Welcome by the Royal Society and lead organiser
Professor Jeremy Baumberg FRS

Professor Jeremy Baumberg FRS

University of Cambridge, UK

09:05-09:30 Interferometric sensing of proteins and miRNA
Professor Selim Unlu

Professor Selim Unlu

Boston University, US

09:30-09:45 Discussion
09:45-10:15 Surface plasmon resonance sensors for point-of-need applications

Accessing diagnostic tests in northern communities of Canada faces many challenges as they are only accessed by flight and most communities do not have clinical laboratories. Samples must therefore be shipped nearly 4000 km to be analysed in a major metropolitan area. Over the next few decades, human beings will be called upon to travel outside the Earth's magnetosphere on extended missions to the Moon and Mars. These journies will increase exposure to cosmic radiation, and thus the potential for radiation-induced disease. In both examples, inflammation markers monitoring is of importance as they correlate with a range of pathologies from infection to cancer. We are developing a small, portable instrument based on surface plasmon resonance and microfluidics to measure a panel of inflammation markers from a drop of blood. The concept is based on a disposable cartridge in which the drop of blood reacts with the surface of the device, and for which the concentration of markers is revealed by reagents inserted in the cartridge. The presentation will showcase the technological advances made to date, and demonstrate the technology's potential for health monitoring of inhabitants of remote communities and for astronauts.

Professor Jean-François Masson

Professor Jean-François Masson

University of Montreal, Canada

10:15-10:30 Discussion
10:30-11:00 Break
11:00-11:30 Low-cost fluorometric sensing for microbial contamination of water

Traditional microbiological water-testing assays based on culturing are severely constrained by a long time to result, high consumable costs, and need for skilled personnel, leaving nearly half of the global population without regular water-safety monitoring. To bridge this diagnostic gap, we present a low-cost, field-deployable fluorometry platform designed for the rapid, high-sensitivity detection of microbial contamination. Our test is based on Tryptophan-Like Fluorescence (TLF) (Ex/Em 275 nm/350 nm) which is a known proxy for microbial activity. The utility of TLF is limited by its poor specificity and overlapping background interferents, however. We overcome this limitation by accounting for radiative and non-radiative energy transfer pathways, resolving the multi-component fluorescent profiles of native aquatic fluorophores to map fluorescence signatures among co-localized biomolecules. Tracking these interactions yields a highly specific spectral fingerprint that isolates target bacterial signatures from abiotic background noise. Our platform represents the first sensing methodology that is able to meet UNICEF's target product profile (TPP) for drinking water monitoring. To transition our technology into a handheld form factor, we have revisited the foundational radiometric principles of water sensing, re-engineering our optical setup into a novel, lensless and filterless multiparameter sensing architecture. By employing off-the-shelf LED arrays and silicon photodetectors coupled with custom transimpedance amplifiers, we achieve sensitivities comparable to commercial instruments at a fraction of the cost. To maximize the societal benefit, we are engaging several communities in Nepal, which is essential for comprehending our specific challenges and devising locally appropriate solutions.

Dr Ashim Dhakal

Dr Ashim Dhakal

Phutung Research Institute, Nepal

11:30-11:45 Discussion
11:45-12:15 Electrochemical biosensors and biodevices for medical diagnosis and (waste)water monitoring

There is a great need for low-cost biosensor chips capable of massive parallel detection to be used in portable instrumentation. Biosensors have a number of very important applications in everyday life including diagnostics for disease detection and monitoring, viral and bacterial identification, detection of contaminants in the environment, detection of biowarfare agents, etc. To have a wide use in applications, biosensors need to provide a combination of high selectivity and sensitivity, speed, low cost and portability.

Electrochemical methods are inherently low-cost, miniaturisable and easily integrated into multiplexed systems for the parallel screening of panels of biomarkers. Of particular interest are biologically sensitive field-effect transistors (BioFETs) and impedance-based sensors. Improved selectivity and robustness can be provided by using synthetic molecules such as DNA aptamers, peptide aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers as alternatives to antibodies, as well as oligonucleotide-based approaches in biosensors for the detection of a range of biomarkers in medical diagnosis and for water/wastewater monitoring.

We will exemplify the use of BioFETs, Faradaic and non-Faradaic impedance for the detection of a range of biomarkers in medical diagnosis and for water/wastewater monitoring. Such biosensors can be integrated with microfluidics and electronic addressing for on-chip sample preparation, sensing and data transmission in fully functional Lab-on-Chip biodevices for point-of-care applications.

Professor Pedro Estrela

Professor Pedro Estrela

Bath University, UK

12:15-12:30 Discussion

Chair

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Professor Giulia Tagliabue

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

13:30-14:00 Online SERS detection

Increased understanding of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has enabled new experiments and approaches for chemical specific detection that hold tremendous promise for how we monitor chemical signals, molecular indicators, and diagnose disease. Prior work in our lab has demonstrated that chemicals in solution can be monitored in an online fashion to detect changes in biochemical composition associated with disease. Diverse plasmonic surfaces show chemical specific enhancement for a wide variety of biomarkers. Challenges to utilizing SERS in clinical assays include reproducibility and quantitation. To address these challenges, we are investigating how transport to the sensor in microfluidic channel impacts detection. We have developed a sheath-flow interface for SERS detection in flow. This sheath-flow SERS interface uses hydrodynamic focusing to confine analyte molecules eluting/migrating out of a capillary onto a planar SERS substrate where the molecules are detected by their intrinsic SERS signal. This sheath-flow SERS detector can be readily incorporated for post-separation characterisation, such as with CE and HPLC. More recently we have investigated how migration in an electric field combines with sheath flow to improve detection. Additional work indicates single molecule detection is possible for molecules with large SERS cross-sections. Through control of Our work suggests a new route to identifying molecules for diagnostic and prognostic assays.

Professor Zachary Schultz

Professor Zachary Schultz

Ohio State University, US

14:00-14:15 Discussion
14:15-14:45 SERS based multicomponent sensing
14:45-15:00 Discussion
15:00-15:30 Break
15:30-16:00 Optical typing of bacteria
Professor Jennifer Dionne

Professor Jennifer Dionne

Stanford University, US

16:00-16:15 Discussion
16:15-17:00 Poster flash talk session

Chair

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Professor Hatice Altug

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

09:00-09:30 Mid-IR sensing
Professor Hatice Altug

Professor Hatice Altug

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

09:30-09:45 Discussion
09:45-10:15 ATR-FTIR liquid biopsy: From invention to clinical impact

Liquid biopsy has the potential to transform cancer detection, but many current approaches depend on low-abundance tumour-derived analytes, complex workflows and specialist laboratory infrastructure. We have developed an attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy platform as a reagent-free optical sensing approach for cancer detection from blood.

ATR-FTIR captures a global biochemical fingerprint of serum or plasma, reflecting both tumour-derived signals and the systemic host response to disease. Small-volume samples are deposited, dried and analysed within minutes, generating spectra that contain information from proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and metabolites. Machine-learning models are then used to identify multivariate spectral patterns associated with cancer and to distinguish these from benign or non-cancer conditions.

Development has focused on analytical robustness, standardised sample handling, instrument transferability and clinically relevant validation across multiple cancer indications. Studies involving large, well-characterised cohorts have demonstrated the potential of spectral liquid biopsy to support cancer detection and clinical triage.

This presentation will describe the translation pathway from academic invention to a commercially released diagnostic test. The Dxcover Brain Test will be presented as a translational case study, illustrating the progression of an ATR-FTIR liquid-biopsy platform through analytical development, clinical validation, regulatory assessment under UKCA and CE-IVDR, and implementation within UK, and US clinical laboratory pathways, including CLIA.

The work will illustrate how spectroscopy can move beyond proof-of-concept into regulated clinical practice. By combining rapid analysis, minimal consumables and scalable instrumentation, ATR-FTIR liquid biopsy may broaden access to earlier diagnosis across diverse healthcare systems.

Professor Matthew J Baker

Professor Matthew J Baker

University of Central Lancashire, UK

10:15-10:30 Discussion
11:00-11:30 Colorimetric detection
Professor Charlie Mace

Professor Charlie Mace

Tufts University, US

11:30-11:45 Discussion
11:45-12:15 Nanophotonics for probing solid–liquid interfaces in light-driven energy devices

Nano-sized materials and nanoconfined fluids open new possibilities for controlling charge transport in both the solid and liquid phases, enabling unprecedented energy conversion pathways, including hot carrier plasmonic photochemical devices and hydrovoltaic systems. Here I will discuss how nanophotonics opens new pathways for probing charged solid-liquid interfaces towards understanding both faradaic and non-faradaic interactions and paving the way to the engineering of emerging energy conversion and storage devices.

Professor Giulia Tagliabue

Professor Giulia Tagliabue

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

12:15-12:30 Discussion

Chair

Duncan Graham

Professor Duncan Graham

University of Strathclyde, UK

13:30-14:00 QCM aptamer sensing
14:00-14:15 Discussion
14:15-14:45 Biomedical imaging
Professor Elizabeth Hillman

Professor Elizabeth Hillman

Columbia University, US

14:45-15:00 Discussion
15:00-15:30 Break
15:30-16:00 Nanoshell SERS for cancer detection
Professor Naomi Halas

Professor Naomi Halas

Rice University, US

16:00-16:15 Discussion
16:15-17:00 Panel discussion
Dr Xavi Prieto

Dr Xavi Prieto